All Articles

Prevalence of Typhoid and Paratyphoid fever in a tertiary care hospital of Kathmandu valley

Abstract:

Typhoid or enteric fever is caused by Salmonella serotype typhi and paratyphi. It is one of the major public health problem in developing countries including Nepal. In recent years, increased urbanization and growing population within Kathmandu valley, attributed mainly to improper sanitary condition and fecal contamination of drinking water. These all factors contributes to a very high prevalence of typhoid fever through out the country.

Distribution of protected area and large-sized mammals order in Ethiopia

Abstract:

Ethiopia is one of the countries found in the eastern horn of Africa, which is endowed with beautiful landscape and topography from which diverse habitats and fauna composition. The objective of this paper is to review relevant documents on distribution of protected area and large-sized mammals order in Ethiopia. The Method of the data were by compiling related information from different sources like published articles grey literature and other office reports from concerned institutions. Altitudinal and geographical variations made the Ethiopia to be among the biodiversity-rich nations in the world. Mammal fauna in Ethiopia consists of 326 species, among 144 genera, 43 families and 14 orders; out of which 32 mammals of the country categories under critically threated group. Among the mammals in Ethiopia eight of them are endemic. Among mammals’ antelopes are flagships (charismatic). The large mammals are mainly concentrated i...

Risk Management: Emerging critical issues during the hospital administration of drug therapy

Abstract:

Interruptions during pharmacological therapy in a hospital ward can be a source of error. We therefore considered two Operating Units of a hospital by asking the following questions: are the nursing staff who administer drug therapy at the set times able to do so with maximum concentration and without interruptions? If yes, how? If not, why and what for? Furthermore, are there organizational and non-organizational improvement strategies so that nurses are less interrupted during therapy and therefore do not cause adverse drug events that could cause harm to the patient? The results that emerged from the data analysis make us reflect considerably on how much interruptions during therapy are to be paid attention to as a problem to which solution proposals can be found.

A Wild-plant extract could eliminate infectious-pathogens, Ranyah, KSA

Abstract:

Saudi Arabia is rich in Juniperusprocera Hochst. ex Endl (Cupressaceae) as a medicinal plant. Its known as Arar, its present southwards, KSA. It's used as traditional medicine in the southwestern, KSA. The aim was according to "Saudi Arabian Customs" in using wild-plant extract for treatment and prevention of infectious-pathogens. That was to use Juniperusprocerafrom Ranyah, KSA to eliminate infectious-pathogens that were isolated from patients in the same area. This was the use may reduce the use of chemicals, as well it may be an alternative to chemotherapy. Practice included preparation of wild-plant extract, preparation of infectious-pathogens, interaction to wild-plant extract, and direct total cell count by "Bread Test". Juniperusprocera one crude concentration killed all infectious-pathogens during one day. Lower Juniperus<...

Effect of Bio-Controlling Methods (Proplis and Bacteria) on the 3rd_larval Instar of Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract:

The greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella L.) is one of the most destructive insect pests that threaten apiculture. Laboratory experiments were conducted in the Research Laboratory, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology during the period from the 2^nd_ of April to 29^th_ of October 2021 to evaluate the lethal effect of Bee glue (proplis) and Bacillus thuringiensis var. Kurstaki (Btk) on the G.mellonella. Five concentrations (5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15%) of proplis extract and (0.62,1.25,2.5,5 and 10 mg/ml) of Bt were used for each proplis extract and Bt in a Completely Randomized Design. Powder ethanol extract of proplis at 15% concentration caused 83.3% mortality after 96 hrs of application, where as 10mg//ml concentration of Bt gave 93.3% mortality after 72 hrs of exposure. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences between all treatments and control. Additi...

Evaluation of selection indices for heat tolerance and their correlation with yield in some chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) genotypes of sudan

Abstract:

The major a biotic stresses affecting chickpea production are high and low temperature, drought and salinity. Heat stress is a major a biotic stress factor, constraining chickpea production worldwide. This study was conducted to identifying chickpea genotypes combining heat tolerance and high yield potential and to study correlation among the heat tolerance indices. The genotypes were tested under different field-growing conditions, normal sown (non – heat stress) and late sown (heat stress) at two locations, Merowe and Gezira during winter season 2018/2019. The trials were laid out in alpha lattice design with three replications. Eight heat tolerance indices, which were most frequently used in plant breeding including, geometric mean productivity (GMP), yield index (YI), mean productivity (MP), stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI), tolerance index (TOL), sensitivity heat index ...

Growth charts for children-Which ones to use in post Covid era?

Abstract:

A practical review compares growth chart standards and references for pediatric monitoring after the COVID era. It advises on selection, interpretation, and equity considerations in diverse populations.

The Adverse Effects of Underwater Sound upon Fishes and Invertebrates

Abstract:

Underwater sound is very important to most fishes and invertebrates. Underwater sounds from both natural and human sources can have adverse effects upon aquatic animals, and especially fishes, and invertebrates. It is important to examine the effects of sound upon them, and especially the effects of sounds derived from human sources (anthropogenic sounds). It may be possible to introduce protective regulations to reduce their effects. Fishes and invertebrates can detect underwater sounds, and they use sound to obtain key information about the environment around them. They can also make sounds themselves, especially during their spawning. Sounds travel rapidly over great distances in water and can provide detailed information to these animals on the presence of prey, predators, and related species, while the overall acoustic scene provides them with key information about their environment. Anthropogenic sound...

Acute Effects of White Button and Shiitake Mushroom Powder Supplementation on Postprandial Lipemia and Glycemia Following a High-Fat Meal

Abstract:

To determine the acute effects on postprandial lipemia and glycemia by supplementing a high-fat meal with either white button (WB) or shiitake (SH) mushroom powder.

Long COVID-19 Syndrome and Frailty: Cause or Consequence or Both?

Abstract:

Many older adults remain vulnerable to COVID-19 infections. They are also often at risk for frailty and poor health outcomes.