Insulin Resistance

Overview

Insulin resistance is a metabolic state in which target tissues, principally skeletal muscle, liver and adipose tissue, respond subnormally to insulin, so that higher circulating insulin concentrations are required to maintain glucose homeostasis. It reflects impaired insulin-receptor signalling and downstream glucose disposal, and is closely linked to visceral adiposity, ectopic lipid accumulation, chronic low-grade inflammation and altered adipose-tissue physiology. As a central feature of the metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance precedes and predicts type 2 diabetes and is associated with dyslipidaemia, hypertension and increased cardiovascular risk. It is assessed through fasting glucose and insulin, surrogate indices of sensitivity, and dynamic testing, and is modulated by diet, physical activity, body composition, hormonal status and pharmacological or nutraceutical interventions. Research grouped under this term reflects these themes: cinnamon supplementation and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome, dietary regimens for obesity reversal, antioxidant micronutrients in metabolic syndrome, metabolomic bioinformatics in type 2 diabetes, identification of insulin-sensitive versus insulin-resistant obese postmenopausal women, adipose-tissue physiology in obesity, exercise effects on irisin, and gene-polymorphism associations with obesity and diabetes. The peer-reviewed literature in this area examines the determinants, assessment and management of impaired insulin action, integrating nutrition, body composition and metabolic risk in obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Research published in this journal

12 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.

How this research is being cited

The 12 articles above have been cited 23 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.

• Food-Derived Antidiabetic Peptides as Multi-Target Systemic Regulators: A Comprehensive Review of Sources, Preparation, Mechanisms and Future Perspectives
  2026 · Foods
• Antidiabetic Activity of Momordica charantia Extracts Through Incretin Pathway in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Rat Depends on Dose Differences
  M. Romdhoni et al. · 2025 · Avicenna journal of medical biotechnology
• The Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on the Pathologic Mechanisms of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Development
  2024 · Nutrients
• The Potential Impacts of Antioxidant Micronutrients on Productive and Reproductive Performances of Mammalian Species during Stressful Conditions
  2024 · Indian Journal of Animal Research
• The Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation on the Pathologic Mechanisms of Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Development
  H. Sharebiani et al. · 2024 · Nutrients
• Personal exposure of PM2.5 and metabolic syndrome markers of pregnant women in South Korea: APPO study
  Yeonseong Jeong et al. · 2023 · Environmental science and pollution research international
• High-Molecular-Weight Dextran-Type Exopolysaccharide Produced by the Novel Apilactobacillus waqarii Improves Metabolic Syndrome: In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses
  2022 · International Journal of Molecular Sciences
• Effects of PM 2.5 exposure on metabolic dysfunction during pregnancy via personalized measurement of pollutant concentration in South Korea: A multicenter prospective cohort, air pollution on pregnancy outcome (APPO) study
  2022 · Research Square (Research Square)

A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Insulin Resistance, linking to each citing work.

This page summarises published research for orientation; it is not medical or professional advice.

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