Research Topic · Peer-Reviewed

Insulin

Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans that serves as the principal anabolic regulator of glucose homeostasis. Released in response to rising blood glucose, it binds the insulin receptor and activates intracellular signalling, including insulin-receptor substra…

Curated from this journal's research 📚 12 peer-reviewed articles cited Cited 36× across the literature 🗓 Reviewed June 2026

Overview

Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans that serves as the principal anabolic regulator of glucose homeostasis. Released in response to rising blood glucose, it binds the insulin receptor and activates intracellular signalling, including insulin-receptor substrate proteins, to promote glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue, suppress hepatic glucose output, and stimulate glycogen, lipid and protein synthesis. Disordered insulin action or secretion underlies the metabolic spectrum from insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome to type 2 diabetes, while absolute deficiency characterises type 1 diabetes. Insulin biology is studied through measures of sensitivity and secretion, surrogate indices, receptor and downstream signalling, and the influence of nutrition, body composition and pharmacological or phytotherapeutic agents on glucose control. Research collected under this term reflects these themes: stability of insulin in cell-culture media, identification of insulin-sensitive versus insulin-resistant obese phenotypes using surrogate indices, regulation of matrix metalloproteinase by glucose and insulin, cinnamon supplementation and insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome, noninvasive glucose monitoring, insulin-receptor substrate expression in breast cancer, and metabolomic bioinformatics in type 2 diabetes. The peer-reviewed literature in this area spans insulin signalling, sensitivity and secretion and their nutritional and clinical modulation in metabolic disease.

Research published in this journal

12 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.

How this research is being cited

The 12 articles above have been cited 36 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.

A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Insulin, linking to each citing work.

Editorial oversight

Curated from peer-reviewed research published in Pancreas.

Journal editorial board
Giuseppe Maulucci · Italy Carlo Molino · Italy Cosimo Sperti · Italy

This page summarises published research for orientation; it is not medical or professional advice.