EEG stands for electroencephalography, a non-invasive electrophysiological monitoring technique to record electrical activity of the brain over time. It is used to measure brain activity patterns and diagnose various neurological disorders such as epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, brain trauma, and sleep disorders. It also has other clinical uses such as diagnosing attention and memory deficits and monitoring brain functions in intensive care units. Additionally, EEG is used in research to study and measure cognitive processes such as attention, language, mood, and memory. EEG is a safe and non-invasive technique that provides valuable insight into the condition of the human brain, making it an essential tool in modern medical diagnostics and research.