Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, are a class of medications that relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes and thereby blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate inflammation, pain, and pyrexia. They are distinguished from corticosteroids by th…
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, are a class of medications that relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes and thereby blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate inflammation, pain, and pyrexia. They are distinguished from corticosteroids by their non-steroidal chemical structure. NSAIDs are broadly grouped into nonselective agents, which inhibit both cyclooxygenase-1 and cyclooxygenase-2, and selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors developed to spare the gastrointestinal-protective functions of cyclooxygenase-1. They are widely used for arthritis, musculoskeletal pain, headache, dysmenorrhea, and postoperative pain, and are studied for additional roles such as cancer chemoprevention through prostaglandin pathway modulation. Their benefits are balanced against adverse effects, including gastrointestinal injury, renal and cardiovascular risk, and hypersensitivity reactions, with cross-reactivity occurring among agents in susceptible patients. Research relevant to this topic includes cross-reactivity between cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors in patients with hypersensitivity to NSAIDs, the status of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in colorectal cancer prevention, the development of novel analgesic and anti-inflammatory compounds, the effect of preferential cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors such as etodolac on platelet aggregation, the evaluation of anti-inflammatory agents in knee arthritis, and the management of postoperative and chronic pain.
11 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
The 11 articles above have been cited 40 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
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