Overview
Crude oil is a naturally occurring liquid mixture of hydrocarbons, formed from buried organic matter subjected to heat and pressure over geological time and recovered from subsurface reservoirs. Its composition spans paraffins, naphthenes, and aromatic hydrocarbons together with smaller quantities of sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen, and trace metal compounds, and this molecular distribution determines a crude's classification as light or heavy and sweet or sour. Refining separates crude into usable fractions by distillation and subsequent conversion processes such as cracking and reforming, yielding fuels, lubricants, and feedstocks for the petrochemical industry. Production engineering addresses primary, secondary, and enhanced oil recovery, the last using techniques such as polymer or chemical flooding to mobilise residual oil from depleted reservoirs. Because hydrocarbons are central to energy supply, crude oil also carries significant environmental considerations: spillage, produced water, and emissions from extraction and combustion affect soil, surface water, and air quality, and contaminated sites require remediation. Research in this area examines reservoir characterisation, extraction and recovery efficiency, refining chemistry, the behaviour of petroleum compounds in the environment, and approaches to mitigating the ecological footprint of exploration, transport, and processing.
Research published in this journal
11 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
Physicochemical and Fatty Acids Composition of Barberry Integerrima Seed
Industrial and Biotechnological Applications of Algae: A Review
Application of Acrylates in Enhanced Oil Recovery
Antioxidant Activity of Pod Coat Extracts of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan L.) and Their Efficacy in Stabilization of Soybean Oil
Distribution Spread and Environmental Risk Status of Pb, Cd And Cr in Soils of an Open-Air Waste Dumpsite along Tombia/Amassoma Road in Yenagoa Metropolis
The Environmental Impact of Etelebou Flow Station In Surface Water of Gbarain, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Prevalence of Congenital Heart Defects among Neonates in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
BIOREMEDIATION TO REDUCE PESTICIDE POLLUTION ON AGRICULTURAL LAND
The Effects of Zanzalacht on the Gonotrophic cycle of the Adult House fly Musca Domestica
Invivo Impact of Malaria and HIV Co-Infection on CD4 Cell Count of Infected Patients of Niger Delta Extraction
How this research is being cited
The 11 articles above have been cited 379 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
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2026 · Plants
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A Review of Microalgal Diversity in Kerala: Taxonomy Insights and Biotechnological Potential (India)2026 · International Journal on Algae
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2026 · Frontiers in Fuels
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2026 · Applied Optics
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2026 · Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety
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2026 · International Journal of Medicine and Health Development
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2026 · MethodsX
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2026 · International Journal of Cardiology Congenital Heart Disease
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Crude Oil, linking to each citing work.