Research Topic · Peer-Reviewed

Testes

The testes are the paired male gonads, housed in the scrotum, responsible for spermatogenesis and for the synthesis of androgens, principally testosterone. Their tissue is organized into seminiferous tubules, where germ cells mature under the support of Sertoli cells, and an interstitial compartment containing Leydi…

Curated from this journal's research 📚 10 peer-reviewed articles cited Cited 75× across the literature 🔖 ISSN 2577-2279 🗓 Reviewed June 2026

Overview

The testes are the paired male gonads, housed in the scrotum, responsible for spermatogenesis and for the synthesis of androgens, principally testosterone. Their tissue is organized into seminiferous tubules, where germ cells mature under the support of Sertoli cells, and an interstitial compartment containing Leydig cells that produce steroid hormones under hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal control. Testicular function is therefore central to fertility and to the endocrine regulation of male development, and it is highly sensitive to physiological and environmental perturbation. Experimental and clinical studies of the testes examine how stressors disrupt their structure and steroidogenic capacity, including the effects of hypothyroidism, endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A, pesticide and lipopolysaccharide exposure, chemotherapeutic agents, oxidative and ischemia-reperfusion injury, and radiofrequency radiation, often through markers of oxidative stress, apoptosis, altered steroidogenic gene expression, and histopathological change in animal models. Protective and modulatory interventions, including antioxidant compounds and natural extracts, are evaluated for their capacity to preserve spermatogenesis and tissue integrity. In clinical anatomy and pathology, testicular biopsy informs the evaluation of male infertility. Together these lines of work characterize the testis as a structurally specialized, hormonally regulated organ whose integrity underlies reproductive health and is vulnerable to a range of toxic and metabolic insults.

Research published in this journal

10 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.

How this research is being cited

The 10 articles above have been cited 75 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.

A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Testes, linking to each citing work.

Editorial oversight

Curated from peer-reviewed research published in International Journal of Human Anatomy (ISSN 2577-2279).

Journal editorial board
Randy Kulesza · United States Bing Guoying · United States Shuji Kitahara · Japan

This page summarises published research for orientation; it is not medical or professional advice.