Overview
Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are a class of complex molecules composed of many sugar molecules joined together by bonds. They are naturally produced by bacteria, fungi, and plants as a means to protect themselves in their environment. EPS are of great significance in various industries, such as the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and biotechnology sectors, due to their wide range of properties and activities. In food, EPS are used as thickening agents, stabilizers, and texturizers; in cosmetics, they are used to retain moisture and protect the skin. In the pharmaceutical industry, EPS are used for drug delivery, gene therapy, and tissue engineering; in biotechnology, they are used as matrices for microbial fuel cells and microbial biodegradation. EPS also have great potential for environmental remediation and bioremediation processes.