Pharmacology

Overview

Pharmacology is the science of how chemical substances interact with living systems, encompassing the mechanisms, actions, uses and adverse effects of drugs. It is conventionally divided into pharmacodynamics, the study of how a drug affects the body through receptor binding, enzyme inhibition and signaling, and pharmacokinetics, the study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes and eliminates a drug. Research in the field ranges from target identification and drug design to preclinical evaluation in vitro and in vivo and clinical assessment of efficacy and safety. Contemporary work integrates network pharmacology, which uses computational analysis of compound-target-pathway relationships to predict therapeutic mechanisms, with experimental validation in disease models. Natural-product pharmacology examines plant-derived constituents such as saponins, xanthones, sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids for hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial or kinase-inhibitory activity, while structure-activity relationship studies relate molecular features to potency. Allied topics include psychopharmacology, cardiotoxicity and safety testing, immunological approaches to therapeutic development, and the pharmacological basis of combination therapy. By clarifying dose-response relationships and mechanisms of action, pharmacology provides the scientific foundation for rational therapeutics, drug development and the evidence-based use of medicines.

Research published in this journal

12 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.

How this research is being cited

The 12 articles above have been cited 70 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.

• Polyphenol‐Driven Valorization of Garcinia mangostana L. Pericarp: Green Extraction of Xanthones for Functional Food Ingredients and Therapeutic Breakthroughs
  2026 · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
• Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Postpartum Herbal Remedies Use in Aceh, Indonesia
  2026 · Malacca Pharmaceutics
• Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) Pericarp and Leaf Tinctures Inhibit LPS-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages and Activate Nrf2
  2026 · Nutrients
• α-mangostin, a xanthone from garcinia mangostana fruit inhibits MEK1 kinase in prostate cancer
  2026 · Natural Product Research
• Levels of Haematological Parameters in Normal Rats After Prolonged Exposure to Aqueous Extract of Dialium guineense Stem Bark
  2025 · Global Journal of Medical and Clinical Case Reports
• Therapeutic Potential of Natural Xanthones Against Prostate Adenocarcinoma: A Comprehensive Review of Research Trends During the Last Ten Years (2014–2024)
  2025 · Pharmaceuticals
• Exploring the antineoplastic potential of α-mangostin in breast cancer
  2025 · Natural Products and Bioprospecting
• Therapeutic Potential of Natural Xanthones Against Prostate Adenocarcinoma: A Comprehensive Review of Research Trends During the Last Ten Years (2014–2024)
  G. Tabakam et al. · 2025 · Pharmaceuticals

A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Pharmacology, linking to each citing work.

This page summarises published research for orientation; it is not medical or professional advice.

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