Breast cancer in oncology denotes a heterogeneous group of malignancies arising from the epithelial cells of the breast, most commonly the ductal and lobular structures of the mammary gland. It is classified by histological type, by anatomical extent (in situ versus invasive), and crucially by molecular and receptor…
Breast cancer in oncology denotes a heterogeneous group of malignancies arising from the epithelial cells of the breast, most commonly the ductal and lobular structures of the mammary gland. It is classified by histological type, by anatomical extent (in situ versus invasive), and crucially by molecular and receptor status: expression of the oestrogen and progesterone hormone receptors and of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) defines therapeutically distinct subtypes, including hormone-receptor-positive, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative disease. These intrinsic subtypes differ in proliferation, metastatic behaviour, and prognosis, and they direct the choice between endocrine therapy, HER2-targeted agents, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and surgery with or without radiotherapy. Tumour grade, lymph-node involvement, and proliferative markers further refine risk stratification. A recognised but uncommon entity, breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, illustrates that the breast may also host haematological malignancies distinct from carcinoma. Oncological research addresses the biology of tumour initiation and progression, the genetic and hormonal drivers of risk, mechanisms of treatment resistance and recurrence, and the psychosocial dimensions of care, including equitable access to diagnosis and support across diverse patient populations. Early detection through screening and accurate molecular characterisation remain central to improving outcomes.
7 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
The 7 articles above have been cited 17 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Oncology Breast Cancer, linking to each citing work.