Identification

of Down syndrome Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is the most common form of intellectual disability and is typically associated with physical growth delays, characteristic facial features, and mild to moderate intellectual disability. People with Down syndrome can have a wide range of abilities and, with early intervention and appropriate support, can lead fulfilling lives. In order to identify Down syndrome, physicians may perform genetic tests (such as karyotyping), check for physical features, and test for characteristic signs in newborns. Early diagnosis can help ensure that necessary treatment and supports, ranging from speech and physical therapy, to occupational and behavior therapy, are provided.