All Articles

Investigating the Relationship between Children, Depression, and Pain in Black Women with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)

Abstract:

Medical advances in obstetrics and hematology have encouraged researchers to investigate the reproductive risk in women with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) attempting motherhood.  However, few hematological studies have been completed focused specifically on the reproductive mental health of Black women with SCD.  Historically women with SCD have been guided away from childbirth under the premise that they were not emotionally or physically capable of managing children. One question that remains unclear, from the limited research available in this area, is whether the presence of children serves to influence mood and pain in Black women with SCD.  The current study examined the effects of the presence of children on self-reported pain and depressive symptoms and the relationship between pain and psychological functioning in African American women with SCD.  Self-reported rates of depression, pain intensity, and pain severity were evaluated in 70 African American fe...

Intermediate-Dose Enoxaparin After Cardiac Ablation Procedures

Abstract:

Ablation of foci within the atria has been shown to resolve symptoms of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. However, no standard has been established for anticoagulation after the procedure. Enoxaparin has been well described in the literature as a means to provide anticoagulation after ablation procedures. The only enoxaparin doses previously studied were 0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg, both given every 12 hours. The purpose of the study was to compare the incidence of a major bleed or vascular complication in patients who received enoxaparin doses between 0.5 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg every 12 hours with patients who received either 0.5 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg every 12 hours.

An Extremely Rare Case of Thoracic Intramedullary Melanocytoma: Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract:

Melanocytoma is a rare benign lesion arising from leptomeningeal melanocytes. Meningeal melanocytomas are commonly seen in the thoracic region of the spinal canal and may also arise in the cervical or lumbar region, most often located in the intradural extramedullary compartment 1. To our knowledge, only 21 cases of intramedullary melanocytomas have been reported in the literature to date. The authors present a rare case of thoracic intramedullary melanocytoma and the review of the literature pointing out the role of diagnosis, surgical treatment and follow-up.

Fracture Toughness, Surface Roughness and Fluoride Release of Glass Ionomers After Immersion in Athletic Drinks.

Citation:

Ibrahim M Hamouda, Dina A Ibrahim, Essam E Alwakeel. (2014) Fracture toughness, surface roughness and fluoride release of glass ionomers after immersion in athletic drinks. Journal of Dentistry And Oral Implants. Openaccesspub. 1:1-14.

Abstract:

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of sport and energy drinks on conventional and resin-modified glass ionomer restorative materials regarding fracture toughness, surface roughness and fluoride release.

Partner Violence and Condom Use in HIV-Discordant Heterosexual Partnerships

Abstract:

This paper examines the association between intimate partner violence and the consistency of condom use in a US urban cohort of HIV-serodiscordant couples. It uses both male and female data from the California Partners Study II of a lower-income ethnically mixed cohort of 145 such couples in the San Francisco Bay Area. We observed a significant association between inconsistent condom use and physical abuse: the risk of inconsistent condom use was double for those experiencing physical abuse (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.1, 4.1). Injection drug use and a history of bisexual behavior were also associated with inconsistent condom use. Physical abuse tended to be reciprocal between partners (OR, 3.2; 95% CI, 1.9, 5.6). Our findings suggest that interventions effective in reducing intimate partner violence, and/or reducing the use of injection drugs in HIV-serodiscordant couples could lead to less transmission of HIV.

Determinants of Consistent Condom Use among HIV-Positive Women in Abia State, South-East Nigeria.

Abstract:

The use of condoms in marriages is a complex decision. It however plays a role in prevention of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The problem is, what factors and conditions determine consistent condom use among HIV positive women? This study aimed at identifying determinants of consistent condom use among HIV positive women cohabiting with their partners and attending ‘Heart to Heart’ treatment centre in Abia State University Teaching Hospital.

Editorial of the First Issue - Journal of New Developments in Chemistry

Abstract:

An inaugural editorial sets scope and standards for the journal, highlighting emerging areas in chemical methods, materials, and interfaces with biology and energy.

Metallic Iron for Water Treatment: Healing A Research Community

Abstract:

Despite two decades of intensive research on using metallic iron (Fe⁰) for environmental remediation and water treatment, basic concerns about their efficiency still prevail. This communication presents the basic idea of the view that challenges the prevailing paradigm on the operating mode of Fe⁰/H₂O systems. The alternative paradigm is in tune with the mainstream science on aqueous iron corrosion. Its large scale adoption will enable a scientifically based system design and increase the acceptance of this already proven efficient technology.

The construct Validity of the CES-D among HIV-Infected Perinatal Thai Women: Explanatory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Abstract:

It is important to measure depressive symptoms in HIV-infected individuals because depressive symptoms have been found to be correlated with faster progression to AIDS. Worldwide, the CES-D has been used to assess depressive symptoms and examined for its construct validity. However, no previous studies have investigated the CES-D’s construct validity among HIV-infected perinatal women. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the construct validity of the CES-D using both explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis among HIV-positive perinatal women in Thailand. Results showed that, overall, the CES-D is a 4-factor instrument with good construct validity and can be used to evaluate depressive symptoms among HIV-positive perinatal Thai women. However, some items from our study loaded differently on the 4 factors from Radloff’s model. Finally, the CES-D can be used as a general-factor scale without being compromised.

Sociocultural Issues as Barriers to HIV-Infected Orphan Care in Southern Africa

Abstract:

As advances in treatment and prevention are starting to decrease the magnitude of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, the number of orphans and children surviving Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is growing. To date, little research has been conducted in the care of HIV-infected children in orphanages in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this qualitative study, managing personnel in 10 programs caring for HIV-infected children were interviewed to ascertain perceived barriers to care of these children. While all programs commented on medical infrastructure barriers, respondents felt sociocultural issues were more pressing. After analysis of transcribed interviews, three major themes of poverty, denial/stigma, and cultural differences with outsiders emerged. These findings have implications for international programs that both serve and seek to serve the needs of HIV-infected children and orphans in Africa. Outside funding ...