Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an autoimmune disorder, which affects children and causes inflammation of the joints that can be damaging and disabling. The cause of JIA is unknown and it tends to present in children aged 16 or younger. It can be classified into seven types, based on the affected joints and other symptoms. JIA is a chronic condition and its treatment is aimed at pain relief, preventing joint damage, improving function and providing psychological support. Treatment may take the form of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical and occupational therapy, and immunosuppressive medications. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair joint damage. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential for improving prognosis and reducing the risk of long-term disability.