Paratuberculosis

Paratuberculosis is a chronic bacterial disease primarily affecting ruminants, including cattle, sheep, goats, and camels, but it can also affect other species including deer, rabbits, and zoo animals. It is caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), a bacterium that is highly resistant to environmental stress and can survive for long periods in soil and water. The disease is also known as Johne’s disease, after the veterinarian who first described it. Infected animals can shed MAP in their feces, milk, and other body fluids, making the disease highly contagious. Transmission of the disease mostly occurs through exposure to contaminated feed, water or environment. The clinical signs of paratuberculosis include chronic diarrhea, weight loss, decreased milk production, and eventually death. The severity of the disease varies between species and individuals, and infected animals may remain asymptomatic and shed the bacterium without any visible signs. There is currently no known cure for paratuberculosis, so veterinarians use early detection and management strategies to control its spread. Preventing paratuberculosis requires strict biosecurity measures, including screening of incoming animals for infection, adequate sanitation practices, and strict hygiene measures during handling and care of infected animals. Vaccination against paratuberculosis is available for certain animal species, but it’s not widely adopted due to variable effectiveness and adherence issues. In conclusion, Paratuberculosis is a significant health and economic concern for the livestock industry. Its detection and management are crucial in achieving sustainable veterinary care for animals worldwide.

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Animal Dna Vaccines

Animal Microbiology

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Vaccines Viruses

Livestock Care

Veterinary Anatomic Pathology