Periodontal Diseases

Periodontal diseases are a group of inflammatory dental disorders that lead to progressive destruction of the soft and hard tissues of the periodontium and ultimately cause teeth loosening and teeth loss. They are caused by plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms daily on teeth surfaces and can affect the gums, bone, and ligaments that support the teeth. The main signs and symptoms of periodontal diseases are: red and swollen gums, bad breath, bleeding while brushing, receded gums, and loose teeth. Periodontal diseases are highly preventable, but still remain a major public health problem. Regular brushing, flossing, and visits to the dentist are essential for preventing and controlling periodontal diseases. Early detection and treatment of periodontal diseases is essential to maintain good oral health. Once periodontal diseases have been identified, treatment usually involves scaling and root planing, followed by other modalities such as antibiotics and surgery.