Neanderthals

Neanderthals were an extinct species of human who lived in Eurasia from about 400,000 to 40,000 years ago. They are closely related to modern humans, and DNA studies have indicated that Neanderthals interbred with early Homo sapiens, contributing to our current genetic makeup. Neanderthals are the direct ancestors of humans in Europe and Asia, and their partially preserved bones have allowed us to uncover a great deal about their lives. Neanderthals had a large brain, thick bones, and short stature, and were able to hunt, make tools, and build complex shelters. They also had complex social dynamics and were likely the first Homo species to bury their dead. Anthropologists continue to study the Neanderthals in an effort to understand their lifestyle and contribution to human evolution.