Biotransformation

Biotransformation is a process in which a chemical compound or drug is metabolized or broken down by an organism. Biotransformation is the key to metabolism and the physical and chemical changes that occur in the body. It is important for the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs, as well as for the production of energy and the detoxification of compounds. Biotransformation is also a major factor in drug disposition, the extent and rate of drug elimination from the body. It is used to increase product yield, reduce toxicities and enhance the therapeutic effects of medicines. Additionally, it is used for the production of useful compounds such as enzymes, antibiotics, hormones, and vitamins.