Proton-motive Force

Proton-motive force (or PMF) is an electrochemical energy gradient found in biological cells. It is generated by the movement of protons down a concentration gradient created by the proteins of the cell membrane. This proton movement acts as a source of energy to drive the synthesis of ATP, a molecule which provides the energy for various metabolic activities. PMF is critical for the functioning of a cell and is therefore essential for all living organisms. It is also a key factor in the production of energy in photosynthesis, which is essential for the survival of plants and other organisms on Earth.