Research Topic · Peer-Reviewed

Encephalitis

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma that impairs neurological function, producing features such as fever, headache, altered consciousness, confusion, seizures, and focal deficits. It arises most often from infection, particularly viral, but also from autoimmune and post-infectious processes in which…

Curated from this journal's research 📚 8 peer-reviewed articles cited Cited 12× across the literature 🔖 ISSN 2470-5020 🗓 Reviewed June 2026

Overview

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma that impairs neurological function, producing features such as fever, headache, altered consciousness, confusion, seizures, and focal deficits. It arises most often from infection, particularly viral, but also from autoimmune and post-infectious processes in which the immune system targets neural tissue. Infectious causes include viral and vector-borne agents, and research addresses neurological complications of systemic infection, such as dengue-associated neurological conditions and post-COVID acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, an immune-mediated demyelinating process following infection. Autoimmune encephalitis is increasingly recognized, exemplified by anti-DPPX encephalitis occurring alongside cerebral vasculitis and connective-tissue disease, in which antibodies against neuronal antigens drive inflammation. Inflammatory and granulomatous disorders of the nervous system, such as neurosarcoidosis, can mimic or contribute to encephalitic presentations and pose diagnostic challenges. Diagnosis combines clinical assessment with neuroimaging, cerebrospinal-fluid analysis, and testing for infectious and autoimmune causes to identify the underlying mechanism and guide treatment. Management depends on etiology, encompassing antimicrobial therapy for infection and immunomodulation for autoimmune and post-infectious forms. Encephalitis thus links the pathophysiology of brain inflammation to its diverse infectious and immune causes, framing how clinicians recognize, investigate, and treat a condition that can produce severe and lasting neurological injury.

Research published in this journal

8 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.

How this research is being cited

The 8 articles above have been cited 12 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.

A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Encephalitis, linking to each citing work.

Editorial oversight

Curated from peer-reviewed research published in Neurological Research and Therapy (ISSN 2470-5020).

Journal editorial board
Ian J Martins · Australia Giuseppe Lanza · Italy Ion Codreanu · United States

This page summarises published research for orientation; it is not medical or professional advice.