Craniotomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of a section of the skull (cranium) to access the brain or relieve pressure on the brain. This procedure is performed by a neurosurgeon and is used to diagnose and treat a range of neurological conditions, including brain tumors, aneurysms, hemorrhages, and traumatic brain injuries.
During a craniotomy, the patient is placed under general anesthesia, and the scalp is shaved and cleaned. A small incision is then made in the scalp, followed by the removal of a section of the skull using specialized tools. Once the necessary surgical procedures are performed, the removed bone section is replaced, and the scalp is sutured closed.
As with any surgical procedure, there are risks associated with craniotomy, including infection, bleeding, and nerve damage. However, advancements in surgical technology and techniques have significantly improved the safety and effectiveness of this procedure.
Following a craniotomy, patients typically require a period of hospitalization and rehabilitation to recover. Neurological therapy, including physical therapy, speech therapy, and occupational therapy, may be necessary to restore brain function and improve quality of life.
In summary, craniotomy is a vital surgical procedure used in neurological research and therapy to diagnose and treat a range of brain disorders. With advancements in technology, it has become safer and more effective, leading to improved outcomes for patients.