Kidney Stones

Kidney stones are hardened deposits of minerals and acid salts that form inside the kidneys. They can range in size from very small to large and may cause severe pain, fever, and urinary tract infections. Kidney stones can lead to complications such as blockage of the urinary tract, kidney failure, and possibly even death. Treatment for kidney stones often involves lifestyle changes to reduce risk factors and medications such as diuretics and pain relievers. Surgery or shock wave therapy may also be used to treat larger stones. Prevention of kidney stones includes drinking plenty of fluids, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding foods high in oxalates. Early diagnosis and treatment can help reduce the risk of long-term complications from kidney stones.