Haemoproteus

Haemoproteus is a genus of parasitic protozoa which primarily infects avian species. These protozoa parasitise the red blood cells of birds by undergoing multiple stages of development in order to complete their life cycle. Infection with Haemoproteus can cause haemorrhagic disorders, anemia, reduced condition of the bird and decreased egg production. This can have major effects on the fitness of wild bird populations, thus making Haemoproteus a significant pathogen. The detection and identification of Haemoproteus species is important in order to inform preventative health strategies for wild birds. Currently, the diagnosis of Haemoproteus infection is done largely by microscopic examination of blood smears from the infected host. However, more advanced molecular and genetic methods are being developed in order to detect and identify Haemoproteus species with greater accuracy and precision. This research is important for increasing the understanding of the ecology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of Haemoproteus infections, for the design and implementation of effective disease control strategies for wild bird populations and for the successful conservation of threatened bird species.