Estrogens

Estrogens are a group of hormones naturally produced by humans and other animals. They play a vital role in regulating the reproductive system. Estrogens regulate the body's balance of fluids and electrolytes (such as calcium and potassium); they are also involved in the development of secondary sexual characteristics in puberty, including breast enlargement, the appearance of pubic hair, and changes in the texture of body hair. Estrogens are also involved in maintaining bone density, regulating the menstrual cycle, and controlling cholesterol levels. Excess levels of estrogens in men can lead to reduced sperm count, impotence, and enlarged breasts. In women, excessive levels of estrogens can increase the risk of endometrial cancer and abnormal cell growth of the uterus and breast. Estrogens are used to treat a wide range of medical conditions, including postmenopausal symptoms, prostate cancer, infertility, and osteoporosis.