Toxocariasis

Toxocariasis is an infection caused by the larvae of two roundworm species: Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) and Toxocara cati (cat roundworm). These parasites are normally found in the intestines of dogs and cats, respectively, and can be transmitted to humans through contact with soil contaminated with animal feces. In humans, the larvae can cause gastrointestinal, respiratory, and ocular symptoms. The most serious presentation occurs when the larvae migrate to the eyes, causing inflammation and damage to the retina, leading to severe visual impairment. Toxocariasis can be treated with medication, but preventive measures are the best approach to avoid transmission of the parasite. These measures include proper hygiene, hand-washing, and proper disposal of pet feces.