Corynebacterium Diphtheriae

Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium that is the causative agent of diphtheria—a serious and potentially fatal infection of the respiratory tract. C. diphtheriae is spread through direct contact with respiratory secretions deposited on surfaces or airborne droplets of contaminated persons or objects. The most prominent clinical feature of diphtheria is the formation of an adherent gray exudate in the upper respiratory tract, which can lead to obstruction of the airways and respiratory failure. Antibiotic treatment is effective when initiated in a timely manner, and vaccination is the most important measure for preventing infection. Early diagnosis is crucial for prompt treatment, and it is essential to maintain high levels of immunization coverage in the population in order to prevent outbreaks.