Thalassemia

Thalassemia is an inherited disorder of the blood that affects the body's ability to produce hemoglobin—the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to cells throughout the body. People with thalassemia have fewer healthy red blood cells and may experience symptoms such as fatigue, pale skin, dark urine, and delayed growth—or more severe effects like organ damage and even death. Thalassemia is most commonly found in the Mediterranean region, Africa, the Middle East, India, and Southeast Asia, but it can affect individuals of any ethnic origin. Treatment options for thalassemia include regular blood transfusions and medications that help the body produce more hemoglobin. Early diagnosis and treatment of thalassemia can help ensure a good quality of life for individuals with this disorder.