Phytoplankton

Phytoplankton are microscopic aquatic organisms that form the foundation of almost every aquatic food web on Earth. Most of them are photosynthetic, meaning they use sunlight to produce energy, and they are incredibly important for many reasons. They produce oxygen through photosynthesis, and help sequester carbon dioxide from the ocean, preventing it from entering the atmosphere and contributing to global warming. Phytoplankton also form an important food source for a wide variety of ocean species, including small fish, whales and invertebrates. As an indicator species, they provide an early warning of environmental changes in the ocean, and can be used to monitor the health of the aquatic ecosystem. By understanding and monitoring phytoplankton, scientists can help protect the ocean and the species that depend on it.