Horizontal Gene Transfer
Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT) is a process in which genetic material is transferred between organisms that are not directly related. It involves the transfer of genetic information between distinct species, such as bacteria, viruses, archaea, protists, and even multicellular organisms. HGT is a major driving force in the evolution of organisms, and it has a significant impact on the distribution of genetic traits and the development of new species. HGT has also been linked to some human diseases, such as cancers and antibiotic resistance. Finally, HGT is used in biotechnology applications, such as gene editing and gene therapy.
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