Emphysema

Emphysema is a chronic lung disease resulting from damage to the tiny air sacs in the lungs, called alveoli. As the alveoli become damaged, the lungs’ ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide becomes impaired. This leads to difficulty breathing and a decrease in quality of life. It is most often caused by smoking, but it can also arise from long-term exposure to air pollution, genetic factors, and other causes. Treatment for emphysema can include supplemental oxygen, exercise, and medications to improve breathing, as well as lifestyle changes and avoiding or quitting smoking. For more severe cases, surgery may be an option. The importance of recognizing and addressing emphysema cannot be overemphasized, as it can significantly contribute to decreased life expectancy, worse quality of life, and difficulty performing everyday activities.