Resistant hypertension is high blood pressure that remains above target despite the concurrent use of three or more antihypertensive medications from different classes, typically including a long-acting calcium channel blocker, a renin-angiotensin system blocker, and a diuretic, all at optimal or maximally tolerated…
Resistant hypertension is high blood pressure that remains above target despite the concurrent use of three or more antihypertensive medications from different classes, typically including a long-acting calcium channel blocker, a renin-angiotensin system blocker, and a diuretic, all at optimal or maximally tolerated doses; the term also applies when blood pressure is controlled but requires four or more agents. Before the diagnosis is confirmed, clinicians distinguish true resistant hypertension from apparent resistance caused by inaccurate measurement, poor medication adherence, the white-coat effect, or undertreatment. Genuine resistance is frequently associated with contributing factors and secondary causes such as obesity, excess dietary sodium, obstructive sleep apnea, chronic kidney disease, primary aldosteronism, and certain medications that raise blood pressure. Management emphasizes confirming adherence, optimizing lifestyle and diuretic therapy, screening for secondary causes, and adding agents such as mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, because uncontrolled blood pressure substantially raises the risk of stroke, heart failure, kidney damage, and other cardiovascular complications. Cardiology, the medical specialty concerned with disorders of the heart and circulatory system, plays a central role in evaluating and treating these patients. This page gathers peer-reviewed, open-access research within Hypertension and Cardiology relevant to the diagnosis and management of resistant hypertension.
2 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
The 2 articles above have been cited 9 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Resistant Hypertension, linking to each citing work.