Osteosarcoma is a type of bone cancer that primarily affects teenagers and young adults, but can also occur in older adults. It is a highly aggressive cancer that arises from primitive bone-forming cells. The cancer commonly occurs in the bones of the legs, arms, and spine, but can also arise in other bones of the body.
The cause of osteosarcoma is still unknown, but it is believed that it may be caused by genetic mutations or changes to the DNA that regulate the growth and division of bone cells. The diagnosis of osteosarcoma is typically made through imaging studies such as X-ray, CT scan, or MRI.
Treatment for osteosarcoma usually involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Surgery is typically the primary treatment, with the goal of removing as much of the cancerous bone as possible. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be used either before or after surgery to help control the cancer and prevent its spread to other parts of the body.
Prognosis for osteosarcoma depends on several factors, including the size and location of the tumor, the stage of the cancer, and the age and overall health of the patient. With early detection and aggressive treatment, many patients with osteosarcoma can achieve long-term survival and even complete remission.