Prosthetic Groups

Prosthetic groups are biologically active molecules, such as metals, coenzymes and vitamins, that are attached to proteins in order to give them specific functions. Without prosthetic groups, proteins would not be able to perform their essential roles in the body. Prosthetic groups are essential for the biochemical pathways they enable and they are also linked to many physiological processes and metabolic functions. For example, they enable enzymes to be activated and regulate enzymatic activity, as well as ensure the correct structure and conformation of proteins. They are also involved in the transport of oxygen, and in the production of energy in cell respiration. Prosthetic groups are thus of utmost importance in many biological processes, and their study is key to understanding human health and disease.