Dna Polymerization

DNA Polymerization is a process that takes place inside cells, essential for the synthesis or replication of DNA molecules. It involves the joining of monomers, called nucleotides, to form a DNA strand. This process occurs in two steps: initiation and elongation. In initiation, a primer is added to a single-stranded DNA template strand, called a primer sequence, for a complementary strand to be synthesized. In the elongation step, DNA polymerase proteins catalyse the joining of nucleotides to the growing strand, reading the template strand from 3’ to 5’ direction. The significance of DNA Polymerization lies in its role in DNA replication, essential for cell replication and the propagation of genetic information. It is also used in numerous biotechnological processes such as DNA sequencing, gene cloning and PCR.