Corynebacterium Diphtheriae

Corynebacterium diphtheriae is a species of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that is best known for causing diphtheria, a serious infectious respiratory illness. It is spread through close contact with coughing or sneezing and is highly contagious. C. diphtheriae produces a toxin which causes the formation of a thick membrane at the back of the throat, potentially leading to serious complications such as heart and nerve damage. Given its serious and contagious nature, prevention of infection is the best defence against diphtheria. Vaccination is the most effective form of prevention, and is recommended in all countries where diphtheria is found. Vaccines are also essential for those travelling to areas that have recently seen outbreaks of the disease. Proper hygiene and sanitation also helps to reduce the spread of the bacteria, as does avoiding contact with people who are infected.