Overview
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a short course of preventive treatment given after a known or suspected exposure to a pathogen, with the aim of preventing established infection. It is best characterized for HIV, where prompt initiation of antiretroviral medication, ideally within hours and no later than a defined window after exposure, followed by a complete multi-week regimen, substantially reduces the likelihood of seroconversion. PEP is also used for other transmissible agents, including hepatitis B and rabies, where it may combine vaccination with immunoglobulin or antimicrobials. Indications include occupational exposures such as needlestick injuries among healthcare and laboratory workers, and non-occupational exposures such as sexual assault and high-risk sexual contact. Effective delivery depends on rapid risk assessment, timely access to medication, adherence support over the full course, and follow-up testing. PEP is distinct from pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), which is taken before potential exposure by people at ongoing risk; the two are complementary strategies within a broader prevention framework that also includes screening, counseling, and linkage to care. Awareness, acceptability, and adherence vary across populations and settings, and barriers to access can limit effectiveness. As a time-sensitive intervention, PEP is an important component of infection prevention and of comprehensive HIV and broader disease-prevention programs.
Research published in this journal
9 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.
Antiretroviral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Awareness, Experience and Acceptance among Men who have Sex with Men in Southwest Switzerland
Recruitment Strategies and Challenges in a Pilot HIV Prevention Study among Cisgender Black Women in Houston, Texas
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Healthcare Workers Towards Availability of Antiretroviral Pre-Exposure Prohylaxis in Nigeria
Predictors of Adherence to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis among Female Sex Workers in South-Western Nigeria
Barriers and Opportunities to Improve the Implementation of Patient Screening and Linkage to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Primary Care
Awareness of Personal Protective Equipment Among Laboratory Workers in Tertiary Health Centre, Ibadan
Epidemiology and Management of Seasonal Influenza Outbreaks in Long-Term Care Facilities in the Health Service Executive East Area of Ireland During the 2013-2014 Influenza Season.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices towards Infection Prevention Control among Healthcare Workers in Selected Hospitals Located in Karongi district, Rwanda
How this research is being cited
The 9 articles above have been cited 34 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
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2026 · Discover Public Health
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2026 · Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives
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2026 · BMC Public Health
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2026 · Health Science Reports
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2026 · Cureus
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2026 · Open Research Europe
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2026 · PLOS One
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2026 · AIDS and Behavior
A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Post-exposure Prophylaxis, linking to each citing work.