Transcription Factors
Transcription factors are a class of proteins that play an important role in modulating gene expression, the process by which a gene's DNA sequence is used to produce RNA and proteins. Transcription factors are responsible for a gene being switched 'on' or 'off' at certain times, or in certain cells. As such, they are important regulators of a wide range of cellular processes, including metabolism, development, immune responses and tissue homeostasis. Through altering gene expression, transcription factors are vital for the normal functioning of all organisms, and their malfunctioning can lead to disease. Transcription factors are studied extensively in both basic research and biotechnology, with their potential applications ranging from cancer therapeutics and drug development to novel crop breeding and production methods.
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