Biotic and Abiotic Stress
in Plants Biotic and abiotic stresses are major limiting factors for plant productivity. Biotic stresses are caused by pathogens, pests, weeds and other living organisms. Abiotic stresses are caused by environmental factors such as extremes of temperature, drought, salinity, water logging and nutrient deficiency. Plants face a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses which can limit their growth and yield. It is therefore important to understand how plants respond to such stresses in order to increase yields. Plant breeders are working to develop plants which are more highly tolerant to biotic and abiotic stress, through the use of genetic engineering. Furthermore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses can help in the development of novel plant protection tools, such as pest and disease control measures, better irrigation and fertilization, and more efficient use of resources.
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